Chiller Principle
is to bring the refrigerant (cold gas under pressure) that is in the saturated state to be compressed at the compressor until the refrigerant transform to be the heat substance (superheated vapor), with high pressure and high temperature. Afterwards, the refrigerant will move through the condenser for transferring heat out of the refrigerant and change to the fluid state with high pressure. Then, saturated liquid with high pressure will move through the expansion device (voltage reduction device). Refrigerant will have 2 states which are liquid and gas at low temperature and low pressure. Later, it will pass into the evaporator, making the refrigerant receives the heat from each load and become saturated steam. The cooling cycle will continue like this repeatedly, always circulating. Thus, chiller then is able to produce cold water continuously. This cold water can be sent to the air conditioner in each building, even located far from the chiller. The chiller is one part of all air- conditioning system that consumes the energy up to 52%.
Today, new-generation chiller will be designed and developed to have the kW per ton of cooling operation lower than the old-generation chiller. Consequently, it can save energy more than the old version about 20-30%. Moreover, new-generation chiller, mostly, will use the cooling substances without CFC that will create no harm to the earth's atmosphere as well.